At home saliva DNA test
Home DNA Test Kit UK | Genome Wide Genotyping
A saliva based DNA test using a Global Screening Array to measure selected genetic variants across the genome.
The test creates a broad genotype profile from DNA obtained from a saliva sample. Genome wide genotyping can support research and informational analysis of common genetic variation, but it is not whole genome sequencing and it is not a diagnostic genetic test.
This product uses array genotyping. It does not sequence every part of your genome, and it cannot confirm or exclude most inherited medical conditions. Any medically important finding may require clinical review and confirmatory testing.
What is genome wide genotyping?
Human DNA contains millions of positions where people may differ. A common type of difference is a single nucleotide polymorphism, usually shortened to SNP. A genotyping array checks selected positions and records which version of the DNA sequence is present at each measured site.
The Global Screening Array was developed for large scale population genetics, variant screening and precision medicine research. It combines genome wide markers with additional content selected for research relevance and quality control.
What the array does
It measures a defined selection of known genetic variants distributed across the genome and converts laboratory signals into genotype calls.
What the array does not do
It does not read every DNA letter, detect every rare variant or provide the same coverage as whole genome or whole exome sequencing.
How the laboratory process works
DNA is obtained from saliva
The laboratory extracts genomic DNA from the returned saliva sample and checks whether it is suitable for analysis.
DNA is applied to the array
The prepared DNA binds to probes designed to recognise specific genetic positions on the Global Screening Array.
Genotypes are called
Laboratory software evaluates signal patterns and assigns genotype calls for the measured variants that pass quality requirements.
The exact GSA version, marker selection and number of reportable variants may vary according to the laboratory assay used. The laboratory documentation and order confirmation take priority over general platform descriptions.
What may be included in your results
Genotyping produces variant data. The precise deliverables depend on the report package attached to this product. Review the order information before purchasing to understand which of the following are included.
| Possible deliverable | What it means | Important point |
|---|---|---|
| Genotype data | A record of the variant calls produced for the genetic positions measured by the array. | Raw data can be complex and should not be treated as a medical report. |
| Quality information | Information about whether the sample and array data met the laboratory quality requirements. | A failed or low quality sample may require recollection, depending on the provider policy. |
| Interpretive reports | Optional reports may analyse selected variants for traits, population genetics, research risk scores or other purposes. | Only reports specifically listed in the purchased package should be expected. |
| Future reanalysis | Stored genotype data may sometimes be reanalysed as evidence or reporting tools change. | Availability, fees, consent and retention arrangements depend on the provider. |
What this test can and cannot tell you
| Question | Answer | Why it matters |
|---|---|---|
| Can do | Measure selected known genetic variants across the genome. | This creates a broad genotype profile from the sites included on the array. |
| Can support | Downstream informational or research analysis where the relevant report or data service is included. | The scientific value depends on the variants measured, the reference data and the quality of the interpretation. |
| Cannot do | Read the whole genome or every gene. | Variants outside the selected array positions are not directly measured. |
| Cannot do | Diagnose or rule out a genetic condition by itself. | Clinical diagnosis may require a specialist assessment and a different validated test. |
| Cannot do | Predict the future with certainty. | Most common conditions involve many genes plus age, environment, lifestyle and chance. |
| Cannot do | Replace a clinical genetics consultation. | Family history, symptoms, inheritance patterns and consent all affect test selection and interpretation. |
Important technical limitations
Selected markers rather than complete sequencing
The array checks only the positions represented by its probes. A variant that is not included on the array will usually not be measured directly.
Rare and complex genetic changes
Genotyping arrays are not designed to comprehensively identify all rare variants, repeat expansions, large structural changes, mitochondrial variants, low level mosaicism or every copy number change.
False positive and false negative findings
No laboratory method is perfect. A potentially important result can be incorrect, and an unmeasured or poorly detected variant can be missed. Medical decisions should rely on clinically appropriate confirmation.
Population and reference data
Risk estimates and population based interpretations may perform differently across ancestry groups because the research datasets used to build them are not equally representative of every population.
Science and interpretation can change
The meaning assigned to a variant may change as new studies are published. Different services can also interpret the same raw data differently.
Genes are not the only influence
Health and traits are often influenced by many genetic and non genetic factors. A genetic association does not mean that an outcome is certain or that one variant is the cause.
Who may consider this test?
This product may be suitable for an adult who:
- Wants a broad genotype profile from selected variants across the genome
- Understands the difference between genotyping and sequencing
- Accepts that the test is informational and not diagnostic
- Has reviewed the exact report package and data deliverables
- Has considered privacy, family and insurance implications before testing
- Is willing to seek professional advice before acting on a medically important result
This test is not the appropriate first step when:
- You have symptoms suggesting a genetic condition
- A close relative has a confirmed inherited disorder or clinically important variant
- You are making reproductive or pregnancy decisions
- You are concerned about inherited cancer risk
- You need a result to guide prescribed medicine
- You require testing for immigration, legal identity, paternity or another legal purpose
- You need an NHS or specialist diagnostic result
In these situations, speak with a GP, clinical geneticist, genetic counsellor or relevant specialist so that the right test can be selected.
Collecting your saliva sample
| Step | What to do |
|---|---|
| Read the instructions | Check the collection, registration, labelling and return instructions before opening the kit. |
| Prepare for collection | Follow the kit guidance about eating, drinking, smoking, chewing gum, brushing teeth and using mouth products before collection. |
| Provide saliva | Collect the required volume into the tube without adding water or another substance. |
| Secure the sample | Close the tube exactly as instructed. Some kits release a stabilising solution when the cap is closed. |
| Register and label | Use the correct identifier and complete any required consent or kit registration steps. |
| Return promptly | Package and return the sample using the supplied materials and the stated transport instructions. |
Insufficient saliva, food contamination, blood from the mouth, an incorrectly closed tube or a labelling error may make a sample unsuitable. The replacement and recollection policy depends on the testing provider.
Understanding your result responsibly
A variant is not a diagnosis
Having a reported variant does not necessarily mean that you have or will develop a condition. The effect may be small, uncertain or dependent on other factors.
No reported variant is not a guarantee
The array does not measure every possible genetic change. A negative or unremarkable result cannot rule out inherited risk or future illness.
Confirmation may be required
A finding that could affect medical care should usually be confirmed using a clinically appropriate method in a diagnostic laboratory.
Do not change treatment yourself
Do not alter medicines, screening or medical care because of a consumer genotype result without advice from an appropriately qualified clinician.
Genetic privacy and informed consent
Genetic data is highly sensitive and is treated as special category personal data under UK data protection law. Before purchasing, read the privacy notice and consent information carefully.
| Question to check | Why it matters |
|---|---|
| Who controls the data? | Understand which organisation determines how your sample, genotype data and reports are used. |
| What is stored? | Check whether the physical saliva sample, extracted DNA, raw genotype data and reports are retained. |
| How long is it retained? | Sample and data retention periods may differ and may affect future analysis or deletion requests. |
| Is research use optional? | Check whether research participation requires separate consent and whether data may be shared with research partners. |
| Is data shared internationally? | Laboratory processing, storage or analysis may involve organisations outside the United Kingdom. |
| Can data be deleted? | Review the procedure for deleting your account, reports, genotype data and any remaining biological sample. |
| Can data be downloaded? | Raw data can be useful but uploading it to another service creates a separate privacy and interpretation risk. |
| What happens after a company sale? | Read how data is handled if the provider is restructured, sold or ceases trading. |
Family, emotional and insurance considerations
Your genetic information is connected to your biological relatives. Results may have implications for parents, siblings, children and extended family members. Testing may also reveal unexpected ancestry or biological relationships.
Some findings can cause anxiety or uncertainty, particularly where there is no clear medical action. Consider whether you want to receive potentially unexpected information and who you would speak with if a result concerns you.
The United Kingdom has a Code on Genetic Testing and Insurance governing how insurers may request and use predictive genetic test results. The rules can change, so review current government and Association of British Insurers guidance when applying for life, critical illness or income protection insurance.
Content standards
How this product information was prepared
This page was developed from the supplied product specification and expanded using official information about Global Screening Array technology, direct to consumer genetic testing, NHS genomic testing, UK data protection and genetic testing insurance guidance.
Expert review
Medical and editorial review
This product information has been reviewed for general medical safety, clarity, informed consent, patient communication and appropriate limits around direct to consumer genetic testing.
The reviewers are not presented as specialist clinical geneticists. This review does not replace advice from a clinical genetics service or genetic counsellor where diagnostic, reproductive or family risk questions are involved.
Dr Snieguole Geige
Dentist, Medical Doctor and Senior Adviser
Reviewed the general medical boundaries, informed consent language, preventative health context and guidance on when specialist genetic assessment is more appropriate.
View professional profileVeronika Matutyte
Medical Doctor and Healthcare Management Expert
Reviewed the patient safety information, healthcare boundaries, privacy considerations, escalation guidance and responsible handling of potentially important findings.
View professional profileDr Laura Geige
Medical Director, Senior Practitioner and Skin Expert
Reviewed the patient friendly presentation, risk communication, medical limitations and the distinction between informational genotyping and diagnostic genetic testing.
View professional profileFurther reading
Authoritative genetics and privacy information
These resources provide additional technical, clinical and legal context. They do not replace the laboratory documentation, consent form or privacy notice supplied with this product.
View official and NHS references
- Illumina Global Screening Array platform information
- NHS genetic and genomic testing guidance
- Cambridge University Hospitals information about direct to consumer genetic testing
- NHS Genomics Education Programme knowledge hub
- Information Commissioner's Office guidance on special category data
- UK Code on Genetic Testing and Insurance
- Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority information about home DNA testing and family implications
Questions and answers
Frequently asked questions
Is this whole genome sequencing?
No. A Global Screening Array measures a selected set of genetic variants at defined positions across the genome. It does not read every DNA letter and is not the same as whole genome or whole exome sequencing.
Does this test diagnose inherited disease?
No. It is not a diagnostic genetic test. A result from consumer genotyping should not be used to confirm or exclude an inherited condition without appropriate clinical assessment and confirmatory testing.
Does the product include health, ancestry or medicine reports?
Genotyping creates the underlying variant data. The exact reports, raw data files and interpretation tools included depend on the service package shown at checkout or in the order confirmation. Genotyping alone does not automatically include every type of report.
Can I change medicines based on the result?
No. Do not start, stop or change a medicine because of a consumer genetic result. Pharmacogenomic findings require clinical context and may need confirmation before they are used in prescribing.
Could results affect relatives?
Yes. Genetic information is shared within biological families. A finding may have implications for parents, siblings, children or other relatives and may also reveal unexpected biological relationships.
How should I protect my genetic data?
Read the privacy notice before purchase. Check how the sample and data are stored, how long they are retained, whether they may be used for research, whether they are shared with other organisations, how deletion works and whether data may be transferred outside the United Kingdom.
What should I do with a potentially important result?
Do not make a medical decision from a consumer result alone. Discuss it with a GP, clinical geneticist, genetic counsellor or another appropriately qualified professional. Confirmatory testing may be required in a diagnostic laboratory.
Can a normal result rule out future illness?
No. The array tests selected variants only. Many health conditions involve variants that are not measured, as well as age, environment, lifestyle, chance and other biological factors.
