At home capillary blood test
Skin Health Blood Test Kit UK
A broad 21 biomarker test providing hormone, thyroid, nutritional, iron, liver, cholesterol and inflammation context that may be relevant to skin, hair, nails and general wellbeing.
The test uses an at home Tasso capillary collection device. Your sample is returned for laboratory analysis and may highlight results worth discussing with a GP or qualified healthcare professional.
This is not a dermatology diagnostic test. It cannot diagnose acne, eczema, rosacea, hair loss, polycystic ovary syndrome, menopause or another skin or endocrine condition. Persistent or worrying changes may require direct assessment even when blood results are normal.
What this test measures
This profile measures selected biomarkers that may provide general health context where skin, hair or nail changes are being considered. Many concerns have local dermatological causes and cannot be explained through blood testing alone.
| Health area | Biomarkers included | What they may help show |
|---|---|---|
| Hormone context | Oestradiol, progesterone, total testosterone, free testosterone and SHBG | Selected hormone patterns that must be interpreted by sex, age, cycle phase, symptoms and medicines. |
| Thyroid | TSH and free T4 | Patterns associated with thyroid hormone regulation and thyroid function. |
| Iron and nutrition | Iron, ferritin, active vitamin B12, folate, vitamin D and magnesium | Selected nutritional markers relevant to red blood cells, nerves, bones, muscles, hair and general wellbeing. |
| Liver related marker | ALT and albumin | Information relevant to liver cell enzyme activity, hydration, nutrition and protein balance. |
| Cholesterol and heart health | Total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglycerides and cholesterol to HDL ratio | A broad lipid profile used with other factors when assessing cardiovascular risk. |
| Inflammation | High sensitivity C reactive protein | A general inflammation marker that may also contribute to cardiovascular risk assessment. |
Who may consider this test
This screen may be considered by adults who would like to review selected internal health markers that can sometimes be relevant to:
- Changes in skin texture, dryness or general skin condition
- Acne or breakouts where hormone context may be relevant
- Hair thinning or changes in hair condition
- Brittle nails or changes in nail quality
- Possible iron, vitamin B12, folate, vitamin D or magnesium concerns
- Possible thyroid related symptoms
- Menstrual or hormone related concerns
- General wellbeing and cardiovascular health monitoring
This screen does not identify the cause of a skin, hair or nail concern. A GP, dermatologist or other qualified clinician may recommend a physical examination, medical history, additional blood tests, scalp assessment, skin sampling or other investigations.
How the test works
Collect your sample
Use the supplied Tasso device to collect a capillary blood sample at home.
Return it for analysis
Package and return the sample according to the instructions supplied with the kit.
Review your results
Read each result with the laboratory reference interval and discuss abnormal or unexpected findings with a clinician.
Read the collection instructions before starting and follow the Tasso device guidance carefully. Correct placement, collection timing and return packaging help reduce the risk of an unsuitable sample.
Preparing for your test
| Preparation | What to do |
|---|---|
| Fasting | Follow the kit instructions. You may be asked to fast for 9 to 12 hours because food can affect triglycerides and some cholesterol measurements. |
| Cycle timing | Record the first day of your last period, the collection date and the cycle day. Oestradiol and progesterone vary significantly through the cycle. |
| Hormone medicines | Discuss testing with a doctor if you use hormonal contraception, hormone replacement therapy, implants, testosterone or other hormone treatment. |
| Biotin | Biotin, vitamin B7, can interfere with thyroid and hormone tests. Ask your doctor whether it should be paused before collection. |
| Recent illness | Wait at least one week after an illness or infection before hsCRP testing unless a clinician advises otherwise. Recent illness may also affect thyroid and iron related results. |
| Medicines and supplements | Tell your doctor or testing provider about all medicines, vitamins, iron products, minerals, steroids and other supplements. |
| Hormone gels and creams | Tell the provider if you use or regularly touch hormone containing creams or gels, as contamination can affect some hormone results. |
| Prescribed treatment | Do not stop prescribed medicines unless a doctor or qualified prescriber advises you to do so. |
Understanding the colour coded result tables
The colours make longer tables easier to scan. Always use the written status and guidance rather than colour alone.
Reference intervals vary by laboratory method, units, age, sex, pregnancy status and cycle phase. The interval printed on your own report takes priority.
Biomarkers and result interpretation
Select each biomarker to read what it measures, preparation guidance and the meaning of low, normal, high and critical results.
Low density lipoprotein cholesterol
Low density lipoprotein cholesterol is commonly called LDL cholesterol. It transports cholesterol through the bloodstream. Raised levels may contribute to plaque within the arteries and increase cardiovascular risk.
A balanced diet with limited saturated and trans fats, regular physical activity and maintaining a healthy weight can support healthier cholesterol levels. Some people may be prescribed medicines such as statins.
Follow the instructions supplied with the kit. You may be advised to fast for 9 to 12 hours before collecting the sample.
How to understand this result
| Result | What it may mean | What to do |
|---|---|---|
| Critical low | Very low LDL is uncommon. It may reflect medicines, genetics, poor nutrition or an underlying medical condition. | Arrange an appointment with a healthcare professional. |
| Low | Low LDL may be influenced by diet, activity, genetics or medicines such as statins. It is generally favourable in relation to cardiovascular risk. | Consider the result with your complete cardiovascular risk profile. |
| Normal | The result falls within the expected interval and is generally reassuring. | Remember that cardiovascular risk also depends on blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, age and family history. |
| Borderline high | A borderline high result may contribute to cardiovascular risk over time. Diet, genetics, weight, activity and medical conditions may affect it. | Discuss the result with your doctor, who may recommend lifestyle changes or further testing. |
| High | High LDL may be associated with diet, genetics, limited activity, excess weight, diabetes, thyroid conditions or other factors. Raised LDL can contribute to plaque within the arteries. | See your GP to review your overall cardiovascular risk. |
| Critical high | Very high LDL may substantially increase cardiovascular risk and can sometimes suggest an inherited cholesterol condition. | Arrange prompt medical review and further assessment. |
Total cholesterol
Cholesterol is needed for cell structure, hormone production and the absorption of fats and fat soluble vitamins. Raised levels of some forms of cholesterol may contribute to cardiovascular disease.
Total cholesterol represents the combined amount of different cholesterol types in the blood. It should be considered with LDL, HDL, triglycerides, the cholesterol to HDL ratio and personal risk factors.
Follow the test instructions. You may be advised to fast for 9 to 12 hours before collection.
How to understand this result
| Result | What it may mean | What to do |
|---|---|---|
| Critical low | Very low total cholesterol is uncommon. It may be a marker of poor nutrition, medicines, thyroid conditions, liver disease, chronic illness or inherited factors. | Discuss an unexpected result with a healthcare professional. |
| Low | Low total cholesterol may occur because of diet, poor nutrition, medicines or certain medical conditions. | Review the result with a clinician if it is unexpected or symptoms are present. |
| Normal | The result falls within the expected interval. This is generally reassuring but does not remove all cardiovascular risk. | Continue to consider blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, activity, weight and family history. |
| Borderline high | Borderline high cholesterol may be influenced by genetics, diet, weight, limited activity and medical conditions. | Discuss the result with your GP and consider appropriate lifestyle changes. |
| High | High total cholesterol may increase cardiovascular risk and can be associated with genetics, diet and limited activity. | See your GP for a complete risk assessment and advice. |
| Critical high | Very high total cholesterol may substantially increase the risk of heart attack and stroke and may indicate an inherited cholesterol disorder. | Arrange prompt medical review. |
Active vitamin B12
Active vitamin B12 is the fraction of vitamin B12 available for use by the body. Vitamin B12 supports normal brain and nerve function and the production of red blood cells.
Sources include meat, fish, eggs and dairy products. Low levels may result from poor dietary intake, pernicious anaemia, reduced absorption, gastrointestinal conditions, surgery or medicines such as proton pump inhibitors.
How to understand this result
| Result | What it may mean | What to do |
|---|---|---|
| Low | Low active vitamin B12 may be associated with deficiency. Possible symptoms include tiredness, weakness, tingling in the hands and feet and, in severe cases, neurological symptoms or seizures. | See your GP to discuss the result and whether further investigation or treatment is needed. |
| Normal | The result falls within the expected interval and indicates that the measured active vitamin B12 level is sufficient. | Speak with your doctor if symptoms remain despite a normal result. |
| High | A high result may reflect supplements, injections or treatment. It may also occur with liver disease, kidney disease or certain blood conditions. | Discuss an unexplained high result with your GP. |
Ferritin
Ferritin is a protein that stores iron. It provides information about the body iron reserves and is commonly considered when investigating tiredness, weakness, breathlessness or possible iron deficiency.
Iron rich foods include meat, fish, pulses and leafy green vegetables. Iron supplements should normally be used only when advised by a healthcare professional.
How to understand this result
| Result | What it may mean | What to do |
|---|---|---|
| Low | Low ferritin commonly reflects reduced iron stores. Causes can include blood loss, low dietary intake, poor absorption, pregnancy or chronic disease. Symptoms may include tiredness, weakness and shortness of breath. | Discuss the result with your GP. Further tests may be needed to assess anaemia and identify the cause. |
| Normal | The result falls within the expected interval and suggests that measured iron stores are within range. | Ferritin can rise with inflammation, so it should be considered with iron, symptoms and other results. |
| High | High ferritin may occur with inflammation, infection, liver disease, excess iron, hereditary haemochromatosis or excessive supplementation. Symptoms depend on the cause and may include tiredness or joint pain. | Discuss the result with your GP, who may recommend further iron and liver investigations. |
Albumin
Albumin is a protein produced by the liver. It helps maintain fluid balance and transports hormones, nutrients and medicines through the bloodstream. It also contributes to normal immune and tissue functions.
Albumin can be influenced by liver function, kidney conditions, inflammation, hydration, nutrition and long term health conditions.
Low albumin may be associated with swelling of the legs, ankles or feet, tiredness, weakness, poor appetite, nausea, slower wound healing or more frequent infections. High albumin is less common and most often reflects dehydration.
A clinician may recommend albumin testing where there are concerns about liver disease, kidney disease or urinary protein loss, poor nutrition or absorption, chronic infection, inflammation or persistent swelling.
How to understand this result
| Result | What it may mean | What to do |
|---|---|---|
| Critical low | Very low albumin may be associated with significant liver disease, kidney protein loss, severe inflammation, poor nutrition or another serious condition. Symptoms may include muscle weakness, swelling and severe tiredness. | Seek urgent medical review. |
| Low | Low albumin may be associated with poor nutrition, liver disease, kidney disease, inflammation, poor absorption or other conditions. Symptoms may include tiredness, weakness and swelling. | Discuss the result with your GP. |
| Normal | The result falls within the expected interval and indicates that there is sufficient albumin to support fluid balance and transport functions. | Consider it with liver related markers, kidney results and symptoms. |
| High | High albumin most commonly reflects dehydration. An unexpected result may also require consideration of medicines and other factors. | Discuss a persistent or unexpected result with your GP. |
| Critical high | A markedly high result may indicate significant dehydration or another serious issue affecting blood concentration. Confusion, drowsiness or severe illness requires urgent assessment. | Seek prompt medical advice. |
Iron
Iron is required to produce haemoglobin, the protein that carries oxygen in the blood. A low iron level can be relevant when investigating tiredness, weakness or breathlessness.
Serum iron changes during the day and can be influenced by recent food intake, supplements and inflammation. It should be considered with ferritin and, where indicated, a full blood count and other iron studies.
How to understand this result
| Result | What it may mean | What to do |
|---|---|---|
| Low | Low iron may be associated with iron deficiency, blood loss, low intake, poor absorption, chronic illness or medicines. Symptoms may include tiredness, weakness and shortness of breath. | Discuss the result with a healthcare professional. Do not assume that one low result confirms iron deficiency anaemia. |
| Normal | The result falls within the expected interval and indicates that the measured circulating iron level is within range. | Speak with your doctor if symptoms remain, as iron status cannot be assessed from serum iron alone. |
| High | High iron may occur with supplements, hereditary haemochromatosis, repeated transfusions, liver conditions or other causes. Symptoms can include tiredness, weakness and joint pain. | Discuss the result with a healthcare professional. |
Progesterone
Progesterone is involved in the menstrual cycle, ovulation, preparation of the uterus for pregnancy and maintenance of pregnancy. Levels change markedly according to sex, age, pregnancy status and the stage of the menstrual cycle.
A progesterone result must be interpreted with the exact collection date and cycle phase. Levels normally rise during the luteal phase and are lower after menopause.
These values are indicative only. Use the units and reference interval printed on your own laboratory report.
| Group or cycle phase | Indicative range |
|---|---|
| Girls under 12 | Below 3.2 nmol/L |
| Follicular phase | Below 0.616 nmol/L |
| Ovulatory phase | 0.175 to 13.2 nmol/L |
| Luteal phase | 13.1 to 46.3 nmol/L |
| After menopause | Below 0.401 nmol/L |
| Men | Below 0.474 nmol/L |
Discuss testing with your doctor if you use hormonal contraception, hormone replacement therapy, hormonal implants or other hormone medicines.
How to understand this result
| Result | What it may mean | What to do |
|---|---|---|
| Low | A low result may be normal at some stages of the cycle. In the relevant clinical context it may also be associated with lack of ovulation, polycystic ovary syndrome, reduced ovarian function or medicines such as glucocorticoids. Symptoms can include irregular cycles, fertility concerns or mood changes. | Discuss the result with a doctor in the context of your cycle, symptoms and medicines. |
| Normal | The result falls within the reference interval for the relevant sex, age or cycle phase. | Interpret it using the cycle information and laboratory range on your report. |
| High | A high result may be normal during the luteal phase or pregnancy. It may also reflect hormone treatment or, less commonly, an ovarian or adrenal condition. Possible symptoms include bloating and breast tenderness. | Discuss the result with a doctor in the context of your cycle and medicines. |
Free testosterone
Testosterone is produced mainly by the testes in men and by the ovaries and adrenal glands in women. Free testosterone is the small proportion that is not bound to proteins and is more readily available to tissues.
Free testosterone contributes to sexual function, bone health, muscle maintenance and other physical and psychological processes. Interpretation depends on sex, age, symptoms, total testosterone and sex hormone binding globulin.
Low free testosterone in men may be associated with reduced muscle mass, lower bone density, tiredness, reduced libido, erectile difficulties or fertility concerns. In women it may be associated with reduced libido, menstrual changes or fertility concerns.
High free testosterone in women may be associated with acne, excess facial or body hair, irregular cycles, scalp hair thinning or voice changes. Healthcare professionals may use this test when assessing suspected hypogonadism, fertility concerns, polycystic ovary syndrome, hirsutism, bone loss, type 2 diabetes or metabolic syndrome.
Speak with a doctor before testing if you have medical problems or use medicines. Mention biotin supplements, anticonvulsants, anabolic steroids, hormonal treatment and any regular contact with hormone containing creams or gels.
How to understand this result
| Result | What it may mean | What to do |
|---|---|---|
| Low | Low free testosterone may be associated with age, reduced gonadal function, chronic illness, medicines or other conditions. Symptoms may include tiredness, reduced libido and reduced muscle mass. | See your GP to discuss the result and whether further hormone assessment is needed. |
| Normal | The result falls within the expected interval for the reporting laboratory and relevant patient group. | Discuss ongoing symptoms with your GP even when the result is normal. |
| High | High free testosterone may occur with anabolic steroid use, hormone treatment, adrenal or ovarian conditions, tumours or polycystic ovary syndrome. Symptoms can include acne, hair changes and menstrual disturbance. | See your GP to discuss the result. |
Cholesterol to HDL ratio
The cholesterol to HDL ratio compares total cholesterol with HDL cholesterol. It provides additional information about the balance between total cholesterol and the cholesterol carried by HDL.
A balanced diet, regular activity, maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding smoking and limiting excess alcohol can support cardiovascular health. Medicines such as statins may be prescribed where appropriate.
How to understand this result
| Result | What it may mean | What to do |
|---|---|---|
| Critical low | A very low ratio is often favourable, but an unusual result should be considered with the individual total cholesterol and HDL values. | Discuss an unexpected result with a healthcare professional. |
| Low | A low ratio can be influenced by diet, activity, genetics or medicines such as statins. It is generally considered a favourable cardiovascular marker. | Consider the result as part of your wider cardiovascular profile. |
| Normal | The result suggests a generally favourable balance between total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol. | Remember that it does not remove all cardiovascular risk. |
| High | A high ratio may be associated with raised total cholesterol, low HDL, diet, limited activity, smoking, genetics or certain medical conditions. | See your GP to discuss the result. |
| Critical high | A very high ratio may indicate substantially increased cardiovascular risk. | Arrange prompt review of your complete lipid profile and personal risk factors. |
Vitamin D
Vitamin D helps the body absorb calcium and supports normal bones, teeth, muscles and immune function. It is obtained through sunlight exposure, food and supplements.
Low vitamin D is common in the United Kingdom, particularly during autumn and winter, in people with limited sunlight exposure and in people with darker skin, including many people with family origins in the Indian subcontinent.
How to understand this result
| Result | What it may mean | What to do |
|---|---|---|
| Severely deficient | A very low result may be associated with significant deficiency and requires assessment of the cause and any related bone or muscle effects. | Discuss the result with a doctor as soon as possible. |
| Deficient | Deficiency may contribute to muscle weakness, bone pain, low mood, osteoporosis and increased risk of falls or fractures. | Discuss treatment and further assessment with your doctor. |
| Low | A low result may be associated with tiredness, headaches, muscle or bone discomfort, low mood or other symptoms. These symptoms are not specific to vitamin D. | Discuss the result with your doctor. |
| Insufficient | The level is below the preferred range. Limited sunlight exposure, diet, absorption problems or increased requirements may contribute. | Ask a doctor or pharmacist about suitable dietary measures or supplementation. |
| Not deficient | Significant deficiency has not been identified. | Persistent symptoms still require a complete medical assessment. |
| Adequate | The level falls within an acceptable interval and is sufficient for normal health functions. | Maintain it with appropriate diet, safe sunlight exposure and supplementation only where needed. |
| Normal | The result falls within the laboratory reference interval and is generally reassuring. | Continue sensible measures to maintain vitamin D. |
| Optimal | The level falls within the range regarded as favourable by the reporting laboratory. | Avoid unnecessary high dose supplementation unless advised by a healthcare professional. |
| High | High vitamin D is most commonly associated with excessive supplementation. It may disturb calcium balance and affect muscles, bones, kidneys, the heart and brain. | Arrange a medical review. |
| Consider toxicity | The result is within a range where vitamin D toxicity must be considered. Possible effects include nausea, weakness, thirst, frequent urination, confusion and kidney problems. | Seek immediate medical review. |
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Thyroid stimulating hormone, known as TSH, is produced by the pituitary gland. It signals the thyroid to produce thyroid hormones, which influence energy use, metabolism, temperature and many other body processes.
A high TSH may be associated with an underactive thyroid, while a low TSH may be associated with an overactive thyroid. TSH must be considered with free T4, symptoms, medicines and medical history.
Do not stop prescribed thyroid medicine unless your clinician tells you to do so. Tell the provider about medicines and supplements. Biotin, vitamin B7, can interfere with some thyroid tests, so ask your doctor whether it should be paused. Unexpected weight loss should be discussed without waiting for results. Recent illness may alter thyroid results, and you may be advised to delay testing for about one month.
How to understand this result
| Result | What it may mean | What to do |
|---|---|---|
| Critical low | Very low TSH may be associated with thyroid overactivity, excessive thyroid hormone medicine, thyroid disease, a pituitary condition or other causes. Symptoms may include anxiety, weight loss and heat sensitivity. | Discuss the result with a doctor as soon as possible. |
| Low | Low TSH may be associated with an overactive thyroid. Symptoms may include anxiety, weight loss, tremor, sweating and sensitivity to heat. | See your GP promptly. |
| Normal | The result falls within the laboratory reference interval and is generally reassuring. | Consider it with free T4 and speak with your GP if symptoms remain. |
| High | High TSH may be associated with an underactive thyroid. Symptoms may include tiredness, weight gain, constipation, dry skin and sensitivity to cold. | See your GP to discuss the result. |
| Critical high | Very high TSH may indicate significant thyroid underactivity or, less commonly, a pituitary or other endocrine condition. | Arrange prompt medical assessment. |
High sensitivity C reactive protein
High sensitivity C reactive protein, known as hsCRP, measures low levels of C reactive protein in the blood. It can provide information about inflammation and may be considered with other factors when assessing cardiovascular risk.
Smoking, excess weight, high blood pressure, infection, inflammatory conditions and other factors may raise hsCRP. A healthy diet, regular activity, not smoking and appropriate management of long term conditions can support cardiovascular health.
Seek immediate medical review for chest pain, severe shortness of breath or palpitations. Discuss testing first if you have an inflammatory or autoimmune condition or use immunosuppressants or steroids. Wait at least one week after an illness or infection unless a clinician advises otherwise.
How to understand this result
| Result | What it may mean | What to do |
|---|---|---|
| Normal | The result falls within the expected interval and suggests that there is no significant measurable systemic inflammation at the time of testing. | Seek medical advice if you have symptoms even when the result is normal. |
| High | A high result may reflect infection, inflammation, smoking, excess weight, high blood pressure or another medical factor. It may also be associated with increased cardiovascular risk when interpreted in the correct clinical context. | Discuss the result with a doctor and do not use it as a stand alone diagnosis. |
Sex hormone binding globulin
Sex hormone binding globulin, known as SHBG, is a protein that binds testosterone and oestradiol in the blood. It helps regulate how much of these hormones is available to tissues.
SHBG may be considered with total testosterone and free testosterone when investigating possible hormone imbalance or monitoring hormone treatment.
How to understand this result
| Result | What it may mean | What to do |
|---|---|---|
| Low | Low SHBG may occur with obesity, insulin resistance, an underactive thyroid, androgen exposure or medicines such as anabolic steroids. Symptoms depend on the related hormone pattern and may include acne, increased hair growth or weight change. | See your GP to discuss the result. |
| Normal | The result falls within the expected interval and indicates that the measured SHBG level is within range. | Discuss symptoms with your doctor even when SHBG is normal. |
| High | High SHBG may occur with liver disease, an overactive thyroid, pregnancy or medicines such as oestrogen treatment and hormone replacement therapy. It can reduce the amount of free testosterone. | See your GP to discuss the result and related hormone measurements. |
High density lipoprotein cholesterol
High density lipoprotein cholesterol is commonly called HDL cholesterol. It carries excess cholesterol from cells and tissues to the liver, where it can be processed and removed.
HDL is often described as good cholesterol because higher levels are generally associated with lower cardiovascular risk. Diet, activity, smoking, alcohol, genetics and medicines can affect it.
Follow your kit instructions. You may be advised to fast for 9 to 12 hours before collection.
How to understand this result
| Result | What it may mean | What to do |
|---|---|---|
| Low | Low HDL may be associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Possible influences include genetics, poor diet, limited activity, smoking and medicines such as anabolic steroids. | See your GP for advice based on your complete cardiovascular profile. |
| Normal | The result falls within the expected interval and is generally reassuring. | Consider it with LDL, triglycerides, the cholesterol ratio and personal risk factors. |
| High | A high HDL result is often considered favourable and may be influenced by genetics, diet and regular activity. | Very unusual values should still be interpreted with the complete lipid profile. |
Total testosterone
Testosterone is produced mainly by the testes in men and by the ovaries and adrenal glands in women. It contributes to sexual development, muscle mass, strength, bone density and sexual function.
Total testosterone includes testosterone that is bound to proteins and testosterone that is unbound. It should be considered with free testosterone, SHBG, sex, age, symptoms and medicines.
Speak with a doctor before testing if you have medical problems or use medicines. Mention biotin supplements, anticonvulsants, anabolic steroids, hormonal treatment and regular contact with hormone containing creams or gels.
How to understand this result
| Result | What it may mean | What to do |
|---|---|---|
| Low | Low total testosterone may be associated with age, reduced gonadal function, chronic illness, medicines or other conditions. Symptoms can include tiredness, reduced libido and reduced muscle mass. | See your GP to discuss the result. |
| Normal | The result falls within the expected interval for the reporting laboratory and relevant patient group. | Discuss ongoing symptoms with your doctor even when the result is normal. |
| High | High total testosterone may occur with anabolic steroid use, hormone treatment, adrenal or ovarian conditions, tumours or polycystic ovary syndrome. Symptoms can include acne, scalp hair loss, excess hair growth or menstrual change. | See your GP to discuss the result. |
Magnesium
Magnesium is involved in more than 300 processes within the body. It supports muscles, nerves, heart rhythm, bones, energy production, immune function and the formation of new cells.
Magnesium can be influenced by diet, supplements, medicines, kidney function, gastrointestinal conditions and fluid loss.
Low magnesium may be associated with weakness, dizziness, poor balance, tremor and muscle cramps. High magnesium may be associated with severe tiredness, nausea, breathing difficulty and changes in heart rhythm.
A clinician may recommend magnesium testing where there is persistent tiredness, recurrent muscle cramps, gastrointestinal disease, kidney disease, suspected nutritional problems or use of medicines that may affect magnesium.
Fasting is not usually required unless the kit instructions say otherwise. Tell your doctor or testing provider about medicines, vitamins and mineral supplements.
How to understand this result
| Result | What it may mean | What to do |
|---|---|---|
| Critical low | Very low magnesium can affect the heart, muscles and nervous system. | Discuss the result with a doctor immediately. |
| Low | Low magnesium may occur because of poor intake, gastrointestinal loss, certain medicines, diabetes or other conditions. Symptoms may include tiredness, cramps, weakness and balance problems. | Discuss the result with your doctor, who may recommend treatment. |
| Normal | The result falls within the expected interval and indicates that the measured magnesium level is within range. | Speak with your doctor if symptoms remain. |
| High | High magnesium is uncommon. It may be caused by excessive supplements, medicines containing magnesium or reduced kidney function. Symptoms may include nausea, weakness and tiredness. | Discuss the result with your doctor. |
| Critical high | Very high magnesium can affect breathing, blood pressure and heart rhythm. | Seek immediate medical attention. |
Oestradiol
Oestradiol is a form of oestrogen produced mainly by the ovaries. It is involved in menstrual cycles, ovulation, fertility, pregnancy and the health of bones and other tissues.
Levels change significantly through the cycle and after menopause. A single result cannot diagnose menopause, polycystic ovary syndrome or a fertility condition on its own.
These values are indicative only and vary with age and cycle phase. Use the units and reference interval printed on your own laboratory report.
| Group or cycle phase | Indicative range |
|---|---|
| Age 6 to 10 | 22 to 99 pmol/L |
| Follicular phase | 114 to 332 pmol/L |
| Ovulatory phase | 222 to 1959 pmol/L |
| Luteal phase | 222 to 854 pmol/L |
| After menopause | Below 505 pmol/L |
The provider guidance recommends collection around day 3 of the menstrual cycle for cycle based assessment. If periods are irregular, collection may be possible at another time, but record the date and cycle information for interpretation.
How to understand this result
| Result | What it may mean | What to do |
|---|---|---|
| Low | A low result may be normal after menopause or at some stages of the cycle. It may also occur with reduced ovarian function, hypogonadism, low energy availability or certain medicines. | Discuss the result with your GP in the context of age, cycle, symptoms and medicines. |
| Normal | The result falls within the interval relevant to the reported age or cycle phase. | See a doctor if you have heavy, irregular or otherwise concerning bleeding even when the result is normal. |
| High | A high result may be normal during parts of the cycle or pregnancy. It may also reflect hormone treatment or, less commonly, an ovarian, uterine or other hormone related condition. | Discuss the result with your GP. |
Free thyroxine
Free thyroxine, known as free T4 or FT4, is one of the main hormones produced by the thyroid. It contributes to metabolism, energy use, temperature regulation and heart activity.
Free T4 should be considered with TSH, symptoms, medicines, pregnancy, recent illness and previous thyroid results.
Do not stop prescribed thyroid medicine unless advised by your clinician. Tell the provider about medicines and supplements. Ask your doctor whether biotin, vitamin B7, should be paused. Discuss unexpected weight loss promptly. Recent illness may affect thyroid results, and you may be advised to delay testing for about one month.
How to understand this result
| Result | What it may mean | What to do |
|---|---|---|
| Critical low | Very low free T4 may indicate significant thyroid hormone deficiency, reduced pituitary stimulation, a genetic condition or the effect of treatment for thyroid overactivity. | Discuss the result with a doctor urgently. |
| Low | Low free T4 may be associated with an underactive thyroid. Symptoms may include weight gain, tiredness, dry skin, constipation and feeling cold. | See your GP to discuss the result. |
| Normal | The result falls within the expected interval and is generally reassuring. | It must still be assessed with TSH and symptoms. |
| High | High free T4 may be associated with an overactive thyroid or excessive thyroid hormone medicine. Symptoms may include weight loss, increased appetite, nervousness, tremor and sweating. | See your GP as soon as possible. |
| Critical high | Very high free T4 may occur with severe thyroid overactivity, thyrotoxicosis or excessive thyroid hormone treatment. Symptoms may include palpitations, muscle weakness and difficulty sleeping. | Seek urgent medical advice. |
Alanine aminotransferase
Alanine aminotransferase, known as ALT, is an enzyme found mainly in liver cells. It is commonly measured when reviewing possible liver cell irritation or injury.
ALT can be affected by liver disease, inflammation, alcohol, body weight, intense exercise and medicines, including some antibiotics and other treatments. Tell your doctor about medicines and supplements you take.
How to understand this result
| Result | What it may mean | What to do |
|---|---|---|
| Low | Low ALT is usually not concerning, although it may occur with poor nutrition, low muscle mass or certain medical treatments. | Discuss it with your doctor if it is unexpected or accompanied by symptoms. |
| Normal | The result falls within the expected interval and is generally reassuring in relation to measured liver cell enzyme activity. | A normal ALT does not exclude every liver condition. Seek advice if you feel unwell. |
| High | High ALT may be associated with liver inflammation, fatty liver disease, alcohol, medicines, infection, muscle injury or another condition. Symptoms may include tiredness or weakness, although many people have no symptoms. | Discuss the result with your GP. |
| Critical high | A very high result may indicate significant liver or tissue injury. Severe tiredness, confusion, jaundice or reduced consciousness requires urgent assessment. | Seek urgent medical review. |
Triglycerides
Triglycerides are fats that circulate in the blood and provide energy. Raised levels may contribute to cardiovascular risk.
Triglycerides can be affected by recent food intake, alcohol, sugar and saturated fat intake, weight, activity, diabetes, kidney disease, thyroid function, genetics and medicines.
Food can raise triglycerides. You may be asked to fast for 8 to 12 hours before collection. A fatty meal during the previous 24 hours may also increase the result.
How to understand this result
| Result | What it may mean | What to do |
|---|---|---|
| Critical low | Very low triglycerides are uncommon and may be associated with a very low fat diet, poor nutrition, thyroid overactivity or an underlying condition. | Discuss an unexpected result with your doctor. |
| Low | Low triglycerides may be influenced by diet, activity or genetics and are often considered favourable for cardiovascular risk. | Consider the result with the complete lipid profile. |
| Normal | The result falls within the expected interval and indicates that circulating triglycerides are within range. | Continue to consider your complete cardiovascular profile. |
| Borderline high | Borderline high triglycerides may contribute to cardiovascular risk. A recent fatty meal, alcohol, diet, weight and metabolic health can affect the result. | See your GP if the result remains raised. |
| High | High triglycerides may be associated with a diet high in sugar or saturated fat, limited activity, alcohol use, diabetes, kidney disease or medicines. | Discuss the result with your GP. |
| Critical high | Very high triglycerides may substantially increase cardiovascular risk and, at particularly high levels, may increase the risk of pancreatitis. | Seek prompt medical advice. |
Folate
Folate, also known as vitamin B9, supports the production of red blood cells and normal cell division. It is particularly important before and during pregnancy for healthy fetal development.
A balanced diet containing leafy green vegetables, pulses and fortified foods can support folate intake. People trying to conceive are usually advised to take folic acid, but the appropriate dose should be discussed with a GP or pharmacist.
How to understand this result
| Result | What it may mean | What to do |
|---|---|---|
| Critical low | Very low folate may be associated with poor diet, absorption problems, medical conditions or medicines. Symptoms may include severe tiredness, weakness and irritability. | Discuss the result with a doctor urgently. |
| Low | Low folate may be caused by poor intake, poor absorption, increased requirements, alcohol use, medical conditions or medicines. Symptoms may include tiredness, weakness and irritability. | Discuss the result with your doctor. |
| Normal | The result falls within the expected interval and indicates that the measured folate level is sufficient. | Speak with your doctor if symptoms remain. |
| High | High folate most often reflects folic acid supplements or fortified foods. High intake can complicate the interpretation of vitamin B12 deficiency, and large supplemental doses may cause stomach upset, reduced appetite or an unpleasant taste. | Discuss an unexpected high result and your supplement use with a doctor. |
| Critical high | A very high result may reflect prolonged use of high dose folic acid. Clinical review is important, particularly where there are neurological symptoms or a possible vitamin B12 problem. | Discuss the result with a doctor urgently. |
General interpretation guidance
- A result outside the reference interval does not automatically confirm a medical condition.
- Hormone results may change with sex, age, menstrual cycle, pregnancy, menopause and hormone treatment.
- Results may also be influenced by medicines, supplements, hydration, food, exercise, recent illness and the collection method.
- Normal blood results do not exclude a skin, scalp, hair, nail or endocrine condition.
- Abnormal, unexpected or critical results may require repeat testing or further clinical investigation.
Expert review
Medical and editorial review
This product information has been reviewed for medical accuracy, appropriate scope, patient safety and responsible presentation. The reviewers considered the dermatology boundaries, hormone and thyroid context, nutritional markers, cardiovascular information and the guidance on when direct medical care is required.
The review applies to the general product information on this page. It is not personal medical advice and does not provide an individual diagnosis or interpretation of your results.
Dr Giedre Narkiene
Medical Doctor and Board Certified Dermatologist
Reviewed the skin, hair and nail context, dermatology limitations, red flag symptoms and the distinction between blood testing and diagnosis of a skin condition.
View professional profileDr Rimas Geiga
Medical Doctor, Nutritional Sciences Adviser and Healthy Ageing Expert
Reviewed the iron, vitamin, magnesium, cholesterol, metabolic health and responsible nutrition information included within the product description.
View professional profileDr Laura Geige
Medical Director, Senior Practitioner and Skin Expert
Reviewed the patient friendly presentation, skin health context, clinical limitations, safety wording and responsible communication of the test scope.
View professional profile
